1. What was the Spinning Jenny used for?

A. Weaving fabric B. Spinning thread C. Dyeing clothes D. Ironing clothes

2. Who invented the Spinning Jenny?

A. James Watt B. James Hargreaves C. Richard Arkwright D. Samuel Crompton

3. Proto-industrialisation was marked by —

A. Growth of factories B. Machine-based production C. Production by artisans in villages D. Urban guild monopoly

4. What was the role of a 'gomastha'?

A. Land revenue collector B. Police officer C. Company agent to supervise weavers D. Soldier

5. Which Indian port declined by the end of the 18th century?

A. Mumbai B. Chennai C. Surat D. Kolkata

6. Assertion (A): Spinning Jenny reduced the demand for manual labour.
Reason (R): It allowed a single worker to spin multiple threads at once.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation C. A is true, R is false D. A is false, R is true

7. Who set up the first jute mill in Calcutta?

A. Dwarkanath Tagore B. Seth Hukumchand C. Jamsetji Tata D. Dinshaw Petit

8. When was the first cotton mill established in Bombay?

A. 1824 B. 1834 C. 1854 D. 1874

9. Match the following:
A. Jamsetji Tata – 2. Iron and steel industry
B. Dwarkanath Tagore – 1. China trade & textile industry
C. Seth Hukumchand – 3. Jute industry
D. Dinshaw Petit – 4. Cotton export to England

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4 B. A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4 C. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3 D. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

10. What did the Manchester industrialists use to promote their goods in India?

A. Posters B. Labels and calendars C. TV advertisements D. Local newspapers

21. The Regional Connectivity Scheme ‘UDAN’ was launched by which ministry? A. Ministry of Railways B. Ministry of Civil Aviation C. Ministry of Transport D. Ministry of Commerce

22. Match the following communication types with their examples.
1. Personal Communication – (B) Mobile call
2. Mass Communication – (A) Radio
3. Printed Media – (C) Newspaper
4. Audio-Visual Media – (D) Television A. 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D B. 1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C C. 1-C, 2-D, 3-B, 4-A D. 1-A, 2-C, 3-D, 4-B

23. Which of the following cities is served by a natural harbour? A. Chennai B. Mumbai C. Kolkata D. Haldia

24. Assertion (A): Railways provide cheap long-distance transportation.
Reason (R): Railway construction is easy in mountainous regions. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation B. A is true but R is false C. Both A and R are false D. A is false but R is true

25. What is the primary objective of the Golden Quadrilateral project? A. Connect industrial towns only B. Connect cultural heritage sites C. Reduce time and distance between metro cities D. Promote air travel between cities

26. Which stretch is covered by the North-South Corridor? A. Delhi to Mumbai B. Srinagar to Kanyakumari C. Silchar to Porbandar D. Amritsar to Kolkata

27. Which of the following is a feature of metalled roads? A. Cannot be used in monsoon B. Built only with soil C. Constructed using cement or bitumen D. Used only in rural areas

28. India earns foreign exchange majorly through the export of: A. Petroleum products B. Information Technology services C. Crude oil D. Automobiles

29. Why are border roads important for India? A. Reduce time to reach cities B. Encourage local fairs C. Promote cultural tourism D. Strategic and economic development in remote areas

30. The trade between people of two countries is known as: A. Internal Trade B. Regional Trade C. National Trade D. International Trade

21. Which of the following industries produces nitrogenous fertilizers?

A. Jute Industry B. Fertilizer Industry C. Cement Industry D. IT Industry

22. Which one of the following industries is the most polluting?

A. Paper and pulp industry B. Software industry C. Automobile industry D. Tourism industry

23. Which industry requires limestone, silica and gypsum?

A. Iron and Steel B. Cement C. Petrochemical D. Electronics

24. Assertion (A): Cement is a heavy industry.
Reason (R): It uses heavy raw materials.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation B. A is true, R is false C. Both A and R are false D. A is false, R is true

25. Which of these is a light industry?

A. Iron and Steel B. Cement C. Electrical goods D. Automobile

26. Which industry supplies raw materials for other industries?

A. Consumer industry B. Basic industry C. Agro-based industry D. Cooperative industry

27. Which of the following is a private sector company?

A. BHEL B. SAIL C. TISCO D. NTPC

28. Which place in Uttar Pradesh is known for manufacturing railway diesel engines?

A. Lucknow B. Varanasi C. Kanpur D. Meerut

29. The software technology parks in India are set up to promote:

A. Agriculture exports B. Textile weaving C. Software exports D. Cement production

30. Which region has the maximum concentration of iron and steel industries?

A. Deccan Plateau B. Chhotanagpur Plateau C. Malwa Plateau D. Aravalli Hills

41. Which state has the largest reserves of coal in India?

A. Chhattisgarh
B. Jharkhand
C. Odisha
D. Maharashtra

42. Which of the following is a major offshore oil field in India?

A. Digboi
B. Mumbai High
C. Naharkatiya
D. Ankleshwar

43. Which mineral has high dielectric strength and insulating properties?

A. Mica
B. Copper
C. Coal
D. Salt

44. In which of the following rocks is coal found?

A. Sedimentary rocks
B. Igneous rocks
C. Metamorphic rocks
D. None of the above

45. Biogas is mainly produced from:

A. Petroleum
B. Cow dung
C. Coal tar
D. Natural gas

46. Which mineral is obtained by chemical weathering and leaching?

A. Bauxite
B. Iron ore
C. Limestone
D. Gold

47. Which of the following is not a metallic mineral?

A. Mica
B. Copper
C. Iron
D. Manganese

48. Which region in Rajasthan is rich in mica?

A. Ajmer
B. Udaipur
C. Bikaner
D. Jaisalmer

49. Assertion (A): Mineral conservation is essential.
Reason (R): Minerals are available in unlimited quantity.

A. A is true, R is false
B. A is false, R is true
C. Both are true
D. Both are false

50. The basic metal for all industries is:

A. Gold
B. Aluminium
C. Iron
D. Copper