SST and History Notes XI- XII

HISTORY (VIII)- LESSON-6

(NCERT QUESTION ANSWERS)

1. What kinds of cloth had a large market in Europe?

ANS . Cotton and Silk had a large market in Europe. Different varieties of Indian textiles were sold in European markets:

a.     Chintz

b.    Cossaes or Khasa

c.     Bandanna

d.    Jamdani

Indian printed cotton textiles were also famous in England for their exquisite floral designs, fine textures and inexpensiveness.

2. What is jamdani?

Answer.

Jamdani is a fine muslin on which decorative motifs are woven on the loom, typically in grey and white. Often a mixture of cotton and gold thread was used, as in the cloth in this picture. The most important centres of jamdani weaving were Dacca in Bengal and Lucknow in the United Provinces.

3. What is bandanna?

Answer.

Bandannas are any brightly coloured and printed scarf for the neck or head. Originally, the term derived from the word “bandhna” (Hindi for tying) and referred to a variety of brightly coloured cloth produced through a method of tying and dying.

4. Who are the Agaria?

Answer.

A group of men and women forming a community of iron smelters.

5. Fill in the blanks:

(a) The word chintz comes from the word _________.

(b) Tipu’s sword was made of_________ steel.

(c) India’s textile exports declined in the _________ century.

Answer.

(a) The word chintz comes from the word chhint.

(b) Tipu’s sword was made of wootz steel.

(c) India’s textile exports declined in the nineteenth century.

HISTORY (VIII)- LESSON-4

(NCERT QUESTION ANSWERS)

1. Fill in the blanks:

(a) The British described the tribal people as ____________.

(b) The method of sowing seeds in jhum cultivation is known as ____________.

(c) The tribal chiefs got ____________ titles in central India under the British land settlements.

(d) Tribals went to work in the ____________ of Assam and the ____________ in Bihar.

Answer.

(a) wild and savage. (b) broadcasting. (c) land  (d) tea plantations  coal mines

2. State whether true or false:

(a) Jhum cultivators plough the land and sow seeds.

(b) Cocoons were bought from the Santhals and sold by the traders at five times the purchase price.

(c) Birsa urged his followers to purify themselves, give up drinking liquor and stop believing in witchcraft and sorcery.

(d) The British wanted to preserve the tribal way of life.

Answer.

(a) False (b) True (c) True (d) False

3. What problems did shifting cultivators face under British rule?

Answer. British always had problems with shifting cultivators, as they were always moving for pasture lands. The British wanted the shifting cultivators to become peasant cultivators. The British thought it was easier to control and administer peasant cultivators than shifting cultivators. Hence, shifting cultivators faced problems when the company planned the land revenue system.

4. How did the powers of tribal chiefs change under colonial rule?

Answer. Under British rule, the functions and powers of the tribal chiefs changed considerably. They were allowed to keep their land titles over a cluster of villages and rent outlands, but they lost much of their administrative power and were forced to follow laws made by the British officials in India. They also had to pay tribute to the British, and discipline the tribal groups on behalf of the British. They lost the authority that they had earlier enjoyed among their people and were unable to fulfil their traditional functions.

HISTORY (VIII)- LESSON-3

(NCERT QUESTION ANSWERS)

1. Match the following:

Answer: - 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c

2. Fill in the blanks:

(a) Growers of woad in Europe saw __________ as a crop which would provide competition to their earnings.

(b) The demand for indigo increased in late eighteenth-century Britain because of __________.

(c) The international demand for indigo was affected by the discovery of __________.

(d) The Champaran movement was against __________.

Answer.

(a)  Indigo (b) Expansion of cotton production. (c) synthetic dyes. (d) indigo planters.

HISTORY (VIII)- LESSON-2

FROM TRADE TO TERRITORY

(NCERT QUESTION ANSWERS)

1. Match the following:

Answer: 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-E, 5-C

 2. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The British conquest of Bengal began with the Battle of …………
(b) Haider All and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of …………..
(c) Dalhousie implemented the Doctrine of ……………
(d) Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the part of …………… India.
Answer:
(a) Plassey
(b) Mysore
(c) Lapse
(d) Western

 3. State whether true or false:
(a) The Mughal empire became stronger in the eighteenth century.
(b) The English East India Company was the only European company that traded with India.
(c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of Punjab.
(d) The British did not introduce administrative changes in the territories they conquered.
Answer:
(a) False
(b) False
(c) True
(d) False

HISTORY (VIII)-CHAPTER 1

HOW, WHEN AND WHERE

NCERT SOLUTIONS

__________________________________________________________________________

1.State whether true or false:
(a) James Mill divided Indian history into three periods – Hindu, Muslim, Christian.
(b) Official documents help us understand what the people of the country think.
(c) The British thought surveys were important for effective administration.
Answer.
(a) False
(b) False
(c) True