SST and History Notes XI- XII

                                                 SST (VII)-LESSON-1(PART-1)

NCERT EXERCISE:

1. What, in your opinion, are two important geographical features of India? Why do you think they are important?

Answer:

(i) The Himalayas

• The Himalayas act as a natural barrier in the north.
• They protect India from cold winds coming from Central Asia.
• Many important rivers like the Ganga, Indus, and Brahmaputra originate here.
• They provide water for drinking, farming, and hydroelectricity.
• The Himalayas are also important for tourism and religious activities.

(ii) The Gangetic Plains

• The Gangetic Plains are very fertile due to river deposits.
• A large population lives here because farming is easy.
• Crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane are grown in abundance.
• Good transport networks have developed because the land is flat.
• Many ancient civilizations developed in these plains.

SOCIAL SCIENCE -VII

CHAPTER 1:

GEOGRAPHICAL DIVERSITY OF INDIA

(LESSON NOTES)

_____________________________________________________________________

v Introduction

Ø First Indian astronaut Rakesh Sharma remarked India as “Sāre jahān se achchha” for India from the space in 1984.

Ø India is a country with immense geographical diversity, which gives it a distinct national character.

Ø The geographical features of India have played a major role in shaping its climate, culture, economy, and history.

Ø India is the seventh-largest country in the world and is in the continent of Asia.

Ø Along with neighbouring countries, India forms a region known as the Indian Subcontinent.

Ø The country can be broadly divided into five major geographical regions for study and understanding.

v Location and Extent of India

Ø India lies in the northern hemisphere.

Ø India is surrounded by the Himalayas in the north.

Ø The Arabian Sea lies to the west of India.

Ø The Bay of Bengal lies to the east of India.

Ø The Indian Ocean lies to the south of India.

Ø These natural boundaries separate India from the rest of Asia and influence its climate and history.

v Major Physiographic Regions of India

Ø India is divided into the following major geographical regions:

§  The Himalayan Mountain Region

§  The Northern Plains (Gangetic Plains)

§  The Thar Desert

§  The Peninsular Plateau

§  The Coastal Plains

§  The Islands

§  The Hills of the Northeast

v The Himalayan Mountain Region

  Ø General Features

§  Himalaya means “abode of snow.”

§  The Himalayas form a massive mountain range in the northern part of India.

§  The Himalayan range stretches for about 2,500 kilometres.

§  Many Himalayan peaks rise above 8,000 metres and are known as the “Eight Thousanders.”

§  The Himalayas act as a natural barrier and protect India from cold winds.

§  The Himalayas are called the “Water Tower of Asia” because many major rivers originate here.

QUIZ 5 : SOCIAL SCIENCE:- LESSON: 1 DIVERSITY IN INDIA (Q41–Q50)

Quiz-4 (DIVERSITY IN INDIA) (English & Hindi)

CLASS-VII QUIZ 3 : SOCIAL SCIENCE:- LESSON: 1 DIVERSITY IN INDIA